PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILE AND EVALUATION OF THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SAWI LANGIT LEAF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT AGAINST Staphylococcus aureus AND Eschericia coli

PROFIL FITOKIMIA DAN EVALUASI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SAWI LANGIT (Cyanthillium cinereum) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus DAN Eschericia coli

Abstract

Sawi Langit (Cyanthillium cinereum) is a herbaceous plant that commonly grows wild in open areas. It is morphologically characterised by its single leaves and purple flowers. Several emphirical studies said that Sawi Langit plants could be used traditionally as wound healing and antiinflamatory agent. Previous studies claimed that this plant has several pharmacological activities as antipyretic and antibacterial. These results urged authors and team to analyse phytochemical profiles of C, cinereum and its activity in determining their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This study focusing on analyse pharmacological activities of Sawi Langit and its secondary metabollite that is contained in it. These studies used Sawi Langit leaves that collected from Labuhan Batu district, Sumatera Utara Province and taxonomically identified at Herbarium Medanense. From the study, it is known that Sawi Langit plants contained secondary metabollites such as, alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, saponin terpenoid and glycoside. Analyse continued to test antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of Sawi Langit against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The experiment was conducted using the disc diffusion method to specify the minimum concentration inhibition from the various concentration of C. cinereum ethanol extract from 500 ppm; 250 ppm; 125 ppm; 62.5 ppm; and 31.25 ppm. The minimum inhibition concentration was carried out by measuring the diameter of formed inhibition zone and the MIC value of EEDSL against two tyes of bacteria was determined at 31.25 ppm. Meanwhile, the largest inhibiton zone agaisnt S. aureus was observed with EEDSL at a concentration of 500 ppm, measuring 10.56 cm. For E. coli the largest inhibition zone diameter was recorded at a concentration of 150 ppm, measuring 11.85 cm. In the Minimum Bactercidal Concentration (MBC) test, a concentration of twice the MIC of EEDSL was found to kill E. coli bacteria, as evidenced by the absence of bacterial colony growth. The experimental results indicate that while EEDSL exhibits potenstial activity in inhibiting the growth of Gram-positive bacteria, it demonstrated strong bactericidal potency against gram-negative bacteria of E. coli.