FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI SEDIAAN SERUM WAJAH EKSTRAK BUNGA KEMBANG SEPATU (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN: FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI SEDIAAN SERUM WAJAH EKSTRAK BUNGA KEMBANG SEPATU (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN

Larysa Fernenda; Sisri  Novrita; Nurdiana Nurdiana

doi:10.51771/fj.v6i02.2304

Authors

Larysa Fernenda Universitas Abdurrab
Sisri Novrita Universitas Abdurrab Riau
Nurdiana Nurdiana Universitas Abdurrab Riau

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51771/fj.v6i02.2304

Keywords:

Facial serum, hibiscus flower, antioxidant, physical evaluation, IC50

Abstract

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. flowers contain bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins, which exhibit antioxidant properties. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate a facial serum containing H. rosa-sinensis flower extract and to determine its antioxidant activity. Three serum formulations containing 2% (F1), 4% (F2), and 6% (F3) extract were prepared and characterized through organoleptic evaluation, homogenity, pH, spreadability, viscosity, skin irritation, and antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. All formulations produceld homogenelous, slightly viscous serums with a characteristic floral odor and color ranging from brick red to dark red as the extract concentration increaseld. No signs of skin irritation were observed in any formulation. The pH values of F1, F2, and F3 were 5.8, 5.7, and 5.5, respectivelly, remaining within the acceptable range for topical preparations (pH 4.5–6.5). Spreadability values were 6.3, 5.8, and 5.7 cm, indicating adequate spreading characteristics. Increasing the extract concentration reduced the viscosity from 1300 cP (F1) to 1220 cP (F2) and 1104 cP (F3). Antioxidant evaluation demonstrated that F1 exhibited the strongest activity with an IC₅₀ value of 41.68 ppm, followed by F2 (78.46 ppm) and F3 (140.80 ppm), corresponding to very strong, strong, and moderate antioxidant activities, respectively. Overall, the 2% extract formulation (F1) demonstrated the most favorable balance between physicochelmical characteristics and antioxidant activity. These findings indicate that H. rosa-sinensis flower extract is a promising natural antioxidant for incorporation into topical facial serum formulations.

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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. FLOWER EXTRACT FACIAL SERUM PREPARATION AS AN ANTIOXIDANT