FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KELUHAN KESEHATAN SUBJEKTIF PADA PETANI PENGGUNA PESTISIDA DI KOTA KOTAMOBAGU
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51771/mj.v6i2.2457Keywords:
Pestisida, Petani, Keluhan kesehatan subjektifAbstract
Pajanan pestisida merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan kerja pada sektor pertanian yang dapat menimbulkan berbagai keluhan kesehatan subjektif pada petani. Perilaku penggunaan pestisida diduga berperan penting terhadap munculnya keluhan tersebut, namun bukti mengenai determinan perilaku penggunaan pestisida masih belum konsisten. Tujuan penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis determinan perilaku penggunaan pestisida terhadap keluhan kesehatan subjektif pada petani di Kota Kotamobagu. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dilakukan pada 100 petani yang dipilih menggunakan teknik cluster sampling. Variabel independen meliputi penentuan dosis pestisida, lama penyemprotan, frekuensi penyemprotan, masa kerja, dan jumlah jenis pestisida yang digunakan, sedangkan variabel dependen adalah keluhan kesehatan subjektif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur dan dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square dengan tingkat signifikansi 95%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan penentuan dosis pestisida (p=0,030), lama penyemprotan (p=0,010), frekuensi penyemprotan (p=0,006), dan masa kerja (p=0,015) berhubungan signifikan dengan keluhan kesehatan subjektif. Sebaliknya, jumlah jenis pestisida yang digunakan tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan (p=0,709). Perilaku penggunaan pestisida, khususnya ketepatan dosis, lama penyemprotan, frekuensi penyemprotan, dan masa kerja, merupakan determinan penting keluhan kesehatan subjektif pada petani. Penguatan edukasi dan praktik penggunaan pestisida yang aman diperlukan untuk menurunkan risiko gangguan kesehatan.
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