Hubungan Terapi Relaksasi Benson Terhadap Kecemasan dan Nyeri Pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di RSU Royal Prima Medan

Patricia Sandra Gantini Laia; Anggreni Theresia Br Karo-Karo Kaban; Rahmat Nabawi; Chindy Febriyanti; Elis Anggeria

doi:10.51771/jintan.v6i2.2115

Autori

Patricia Sandra Gantini Laia Universitas Prima Indonesia
Anggreni Theresia Br Karo-Karo Kaban Universitas Prima Indonesia
Rahmat Nabawi Universitas Prima Indonesia
Chindy Febriyanti Universitas Prima Indonesia
Elis Anggeria Universitas Prima Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51771/jintan.v6i2.2115

Parole chiave:

Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2, Relaksasi Benson, Kecemasan, Nyeri

Abstract

Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 adalah penyakit kronis yang berdampak tidak hanya pada kondisi fisik, tetapi juga psikologis, terutama kecemasan dan nyeri, sehingga dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup pasien. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pendekatan keperawatan holistik, salah satunya melalui terapi relaksasi Benson sebagai intervensi nonfarmakologis. Tujua penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan kepatuhan pelaksanaan terapi relaksasi Benson terhadap tingkat kecemasan dan nyeri pada pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di RSU Royal Prima Medan. Penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel berjumlah 40 responden yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Pengukuran tingkat kecemasan menggunakan Zung Self Anxiety Rating Scale (ZSAS), sedangkan tingkat nyeri diukur menggunakan Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji statistik Spearmen. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara kepatuhan terapi relaksasi Benson terhadap tingkat kecemasan (p = 0,026) dan tingkat nyeri (p = 0,000) pada pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. Terapi relaksasi Benson terbukti berpotensi menjadi intervensi keperawatan nonfarmakologis yang aman, sederhana, dan efektif dalam mendukung pengelolaan kecemasan dan nyeri pada pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2.

Riferimenti bibliografici

Alali, S. M., Khalifa, D., Abdalla, H., Alsaqabi, A., Al-kandari, H., & Mahomed, O. (2025). Generalised anxiety disorder and its determinants amongst patients with diabetes in primary healthcare clinics: A cross-sectional study in Kuwait City, 2024. BMC Public Health, 25(188), 2–9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-21150-z

Albai, O., Timar, B., & Braha, A. (2024). Predictive factors of anxiety and depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clinical Medicine, 13(10), 2–13. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/ 10.3390/jcm13103006

Albesher, M., Alkhalifah, M., Hazazi, A., Hakeem, G., & Nasser Almogbel, B. (2025). Non-pharmacological interventions for chronic pain management : a narrative review. The Journal of Medicine, Law & Public Health (JMLPH), 5(4), 757–765. https://doi.org/10.52609/jmlph.v5i4.207

Alwhaibi, M. (2024). Depression , anxiety , and health-related quality of life in adults with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(20), 1–10. https://doi.org/https:// doi.org/10.3390/jcm13206028

American Diabetes Association. (2023). Classification and siagnosis of diabetes : standards of care in diabetes — 2023. Diabetes Care, 46(1), 19–40. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2337/dc23-S002

American Diabetes Association. (2024a). Facilitating positive health behaviors and well-being to improve health outcomes : standards of care in diabetes — 2024. Diabetes Care, 47(1), 77–110. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2337/dc24-S005

American Diabetes Association. (2024b). Foot care : standards of care in diabetes — 2024. Diabetes Care, 47(1), 231–243. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2337/dc24-S012

Amin, N. F., Garancang, S., & Abunawas, K. (2023). Konsep umum populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian. Pilar, 14(1), 15–31.

Care, D., & Suppl, S. S. (2024). Introduction and methodology : standards of care in diabetes — 2024. Diabetes Care, 47(1), 1–4. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2337/dc24-SINT Diabetes

Crespo, A. A., Sebti, E., Maria Moret, R., & Philippe, C. (2024). From social stress and isolation to autonomic nervous system dysregulation in suicidal behavior. Current Psychiatry Reports, 26(6), 312–322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-024-01503-6

Dewi, S. Y., Susanto, T. D., Adisasmita, A. C., Ascobat, P., Burhan, E., Wiwie, M., & Lumbuun, N. (2020). Validity and reliability of Indonesian languages Version of zung anxiety self-assessment scale questionnaire for pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 11(11), 338–342. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37506/v10/i12/2019/ijphrd/192171

Ding, X., Ma, Y., Ma, Y., Chen, C., & Zhang, X. (2023). Efficacy of nonopioid analgesics and regional techniques for perioperative pain management in laparoscopic gynecological surgery : a systematic review and network meta-analysis. International Journal of Surgery, 109(11), 3527–3540. https://doi.org/10.1097/JS9.0000000000000630

Dubský, M., Sojáková, D., Fejfarová, V., & Jude, E. B. (2025). Diabetic eripheral neuropathy : new diagnostics and treatment perspectives. Drugs & Aging, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40266-025-01267-5

Ernawati, Y., Sulistyaningsih, D. R., & Melastuti, E. (2024). Pengaruh tehnik relaksasi benson terhadap nyeri dan tingkat kcemasan pada pasien yang menjalani kemoterapi. Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Dan Kesehatan, 3(3), 358–369. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.59841/an-najat.v3i3.3304

Giyaningstyas, I. J., Elizabeth, B., & Sartika, A. (2024). Early detection of mental emotional disorders (depression, anxiety, and stress) in patients with diabetes mellitus. Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat, 8(1), 77–82. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32832/abdidos.v8i1.2076

Hasian, M. T., Rosaulina, M., Hasian, M. T., & Rosaulina, M. (2026). Pengaruh terapi relaksasi benson pada penurunankadar gula darah pada penderita diabetes mellitustipe 2 di puskesmas deli tua tahun 2025. Jurnal Deli Medical and Health Science, 3(1), 33–43. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36656/jdmhc.v3i1

Hoogendoorn, C. J., Schechter, C. B., Llabre, M. M., Walker, E. A., & Gonzalez, J. S. (2021). Distress and type 2 diabetes self-care : putting the pieces together. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 55(10), 938–948. https://doi.org/10.1093/abm/kaaa070

Ibrahim, H., Abu, A., Soh, K. L., Chong, S. C., Irma, S., Ismail, F., Soh, K. G., Ibrahim, D., & Maloh, A. (2024). Efficacy of benson’s relaxation technique on stress and pain among patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: a systematic review. SAGE Open Nursing, 10, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/23779608241251663

International Diabetes Federation. (2022). Type 1 diabetes estimates in children and adults. https://diabetesatlas.org/resources/idf-diabetes-atlas-reports/type-1-diabetes-estimates-in-children-and-adults/

International Diabetes Federation. (2025). IDF diabetes atlas 11th edition. https://diabetesatlas.org/resources/idf-diabetes-atlas-2025/

Jawa Jenata, M. I., Suyanto, S., & Sri Wahyuningsih, I. (2025). The effect of benson relaxation techniques and aromatherapy on the sleep quality of patients with diabetes mellitus. Nurse Update, 1(1), 40–44. https://journal.thelightpub.com/index.php/nuj/article/view/14

Kemenkes, R. (2023). Ditjen p2p. https://ppid.kemkes.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/FINAL_LAKIP-KEMENKES-2023

Kemenkes, R. (2024). Profil kesehatan Indonesia 2024. http://www.kemkes/go.id

Khairani, W., Noamperani, S. R., & Prayogi, A. S. (2023). Pelaksanaan terapi relaksasi benson untuk mengontrol kadar gula darah pada lansia dengan diabetes mellitus (implementation of benson’s relaxation therapy to control blood sugar levels in elderly with diabetes mellitus). Jurnal Abdikemas, 5(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.36086/j.abdikemas.v5i1

Lela, A., Lenny, A., & Tyara, M. (2024). Hubungan tingkat kecemasan dengan mekanisme koping pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe ii. Jurnal Ilmiah Pamenang, 6(1), 13–17. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.53599/jip.v6i1.205

Magelssen, V. S., Merete Kyllo, T., Hegland, S., & Bystad, M. (2021). Relaxation techniques as an intervention for chronic pain : a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Heliyon, 7, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07837

Marhamah, E., Ramadhanty, A., Karya, A., & Nusantara, B. (2021). Literature review : teknik relaksasi benson terhadap kadar gula darah pada diabetes melitus. Jurnal Keperawatan, 7(2), 49–61. https://doi.org/10.33475/mhjns.v3i3.96

Masaad Ahmed, M. B., M. Ahmed, A. B., Mahjoub Nasor, M. A., & Mokhtar Ahmed, S. M. (2025). Depression , anxiety , and coping mechanisms among Sudanese healthcare workers amid the 2023 Sudan conflict : a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychology, 13(1), 2–10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03511-4

Muliasari, Y. (2020). Tingkat kecemasan pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2. Higea, 4(3), 660–670. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15294/higeia.v4iSpecial%203.34381

Nalamachu, S., Mallick-Searle, T., Adler, J., & K.Chan, E. (2025). Multimodal therapies for the treatment of neuropathic pain: the role of lidocaine patches in combination therapy: a narrative review. Pain and Therapy, 14(3), 865–879. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40122-025-00733-7

Nigussie, K., Sertsu, A., Ayana, G. M., Dessie, Y., Bete, T., & Abdisa, L. (2023). Determinants of depression and anxiety among type 2 diabetes patients in governments ’ hospitals at Harari regional state , Eastern Ethiopia : A multi ‑ center cross ‑ sectional study. BMC Psychiatry, 23(13), 2–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-04494-x

Nurhayati, P. (2020). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kecemasan dan depresi pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Health Sciences and Pharmacy Journal, 4(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32504/hspj.v%vi%i.176

Pinzon, R. T. (2020). Pengkajian Nyeri. Betha grafika.

Polit, D., & Beck, C. T. (2024). Polit & Beck’s nursing research. In International edition (Twelfth). Wolters Kluwer.

Primasari, Y., & Kana, M. (2024). Effectiveness of relaxation techniques and touch distractions in lowering pain scales. Jurnal Edukasi Ilmiah Kesehatan (Junedik), 2(2), 41–48. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.61099/junedik.v2i2.44

Puspitasari, D. I., Suprayitno, E., & Bustami, B. (2021). Tingkat Stres Kerja Perawat Instalasi Gawat Darurat pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Wiraraja Medika : Jurnal Kesehatan, 11(1), 25–29. https://doi.org/10.24929/fik.v11i1.1350

Putra Sagala, D. S., Sri Gandari Purba, A., Meriani Damanik, C., & Hartalina Gultom, S. (2024). Diabetes melitus tipe ii di Rumah Sakit Umum Imelda Pekerja Indonesia. Journal of Public Health Science (JoPHS), 1(2), 157–163. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.59407/jophs.v1i2.1128

Rohmawati, R., & Helmi, A. (2020). Penurunan tingkat kecemasan dan gula darah pada penderita dm tipe 2 melalui spiritual mindfulness based on benson reducing anxiety and blood sugar levels on dm type 2 patients through spiritual mindfulness based on benson relaxation. Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa, 8(2), 161–168. https://doi.org/10.26714/jkj.8.2.2020.161-168

Sari, N. P., Harmanto, D., & Kurniawan, Y. (2022). Implementasi manajememen relaksasi benson terhadap kadar glukosa darah dan ankle brachial index diabetes melitus ii manajememen relaksasi benson terhadap kadar glukosa darah dan ankle brachial index diabetes. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Indonesia (JIKSI), 3(1), 8–12. https://doi.org/10.57084/jiksi.v3i1.821

Sebayang, W. B., Ritonga, F., & Damayanti, D. (2022). Corelation of benson relaxation techniques on pain scale in post operation at imelda pekerja indonesia hospital. International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Science (IJNMS, 6(3), 303–306. https://doi.org/http://ijnms.net/index.php/ijnms

Sriwiyati, K., Wibisono, B., Permata, Y. N., & Nur, R. M. (2024). Hubungan tingkat kecemasan dengan kualitas hidup penderita diabetes melitus tipe II di puskesmas Kalijaga Permai kota Cirebon. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Husada: Health Science Journal, 15(1), 45–50. https://doi.org/10.34305/jikbh.v15i01.1005

Sugiyono. (2020). Metode penelitian kuantitatif kualitatif dan r&d. Alfabeta.

Susanti, R. K., Lumadi, S. A., & Firdaus, A. D. (2022). Pengaruh teknik relaksasi benson terhadap tingkat kecemasan pasien pre tindakan treadmill test. Media Husada Journal of Nursing Science, 3(3), 216–226. https://doi.org/10.33475/mhjns.v3i3.96

Syafhan, N. F., Donnelly, R., Harper, R., Harding, J., Mulligan, C., Hogg, A., Scott, M., Fleming, G., Scullin, C., Hawwa, A. F., Chen, G., Parsons, C., & Mcelnay, J. C. (2022). Adherence to metformin in adults with type 2 diabetes : a combined method approach. Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice, 15(1), 2–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40545-022-00457-5

Utzschneider, K. M., Tripputi, M. T., Kozebud, A., Barengolts, E., Cree-Green, M., Edelstein, S. L., Ghormli, L. El, Hannon, T. S., Mather, K. J., Palmer, J., & Nadeau, K. J. (2022). Differential loss of β-cell function in youth vs. adults following treatment withdrawal in the restoring insulin secretion (rise) study. Diabetes Res Ccin Pract., 178, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108948.Differential

Velázquez-Jurado, H., Flores-Torres, A., Pérez-Peralta, L., Salinas-Rivera, E., Daniela Valle-Nava, M., Arcila-Martinez, D., & Hernández-Jiménez, S. (2023). Cognitive behavioral treatment to improve psychological adjustment in people recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes psychological treatment in type 2 diabetes. Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, 11(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/21642850.2023.2179058

World Health Organization. (2022). Urgent action needed as global diabetes cases increase four-fold over past decades. https://www.who.int/news/item/13-11-2024-urgent-action-needed-as-global-diabetes-cases-increase-four-fold-over-past-decades

Wu, J., Hu, H., & Li, X. (2025). Spinal neuron-glial crosstalk and ion channel dysregulation in diabetic neuropathic pain. Frontiers in Immunology, 16, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1480534

Xi, Y. (2020). Anxiety : a concept analysis. Frontiers of Nursing, 7(1), 9–12. https://doi.org/10.2478/FON-2020-0008

Zaccaro, A., Gianni, M., Parrotta, E., Costantini, M., & Ferri, F. (2022). Neuroimage brain-heart interactions are modulated across the respiratory cycle via interoceptive attention. Neuro Image, 262, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119548